On November 1, 2006, a previously healthy 43-year-old male named Alexander Litvenenko presented to a London medical facility complaining of a sudden GI illness. Initially there was no thought of a connection between Litvenenko’s illness and his previous job with the KGB or his current criticism of Vladimir Putin. Rather, the illness was thought to be simply a form of food poisoning from a sushi meal earlier that day. Only after the man became gravely ill with hematemesis, hematochezia, and failure of his bone marrow was the possibility of radiation exposure considered.