WhiteCoat

Archive for May, 2009

The Ice Worked

Friday, May 8th, 2009

Scalpel’s back …

Abuse or No Abuse?

Friday, May 8th, 2009

I came across this article on a news feed and it ticks me off.

A daycare owner in Illinois has been arrested and charged criminally for putting hot sauce on the tongues of children at the day care. She was also charged for “slamming” a child in a chair and for “squeezing the arm” of another child.

My take:
Yes, child abuse in this country is a problem that needs to be addressed.
Guess what … so is respect, accountability, and proper behavior in children.

What are you supposed to do with a child that hits you? Or a child that tells you to “go F*** yourself”? What if a child runs into the street? I can come up with a million examples of misbehavior. Maybe one of the prosecutors can publish a brief outlining permissible discipline parents can use to prevent children from engaging in improper behavior. Don’t see many manifestos like that around – it’s always what an adult “shouldn’t” do to discipline a child, not what they should do.

In this case, the prosecutors went too far.

I have washed my kids’ mouths out with soap. Does that make me a public enemy? I’ve even used hot sauce in their mouths when they swear or become verbally abusive. Good thing I don’t live in Harrisburg, IL, I guess. Florida says it’s OK to force a child to drink hot sauce.

Where do we stop on this slippery slope? If I make my kids eat their broccoli and they don’t like it, am I now subject to arrest for forcing them to eat something they don’t like? Maybe kids should just get to eat candy and cake for every meal. Don’t put anything in their mouths that they don’t like. Then the state would take away the kids because they’re too fat.

No touching of the children? Do we get faced with a prosecutor who keeps a list like Rain Man? The “Serious Injury List”? “Charlie Babbitt squeezed and pulled and hurt my neck in 1988″?

Wonder if the investigators will start prosecuting children for misbehaving. Better build a new wing for “juvi.”

</rant>

How to get rid of C. diff?

Thursday, May 7th, 2009

According to this Medscape article, trying to get rid of Clostridium difficile spores by using traditional hand sanitizers won’t cut it.

C. difficile spores are everywhere, including tables, curtains, lab coats, scrubs, plants and cut flowers, computer keyboards, bedpans, furniture, toilet seats, linens, telephones, stethoscopes, jewelry, diaper pails, fingernails and physician’s neck ties.

The spores themselves aren’t harmful, but when they are ingested, they can transform and cause colitis. C. difficile spores are difficult to eradicate because they secrete a sticky substance allowing them to adhere to surfaces which, in turn, makes them difficult to remove. Think of little beads with a honey coating.

In the Medscape article none of the cleansing products – even the soaps – removed more than 90% of C. difficile spores.

According to this study, C. difficile can be cultured from the stool of 3% of healthy adults and 80% of healthy infants.
This MSNBC article shows that C. difficile is present in 40% of grocery meats.
According to this commentary, more than a third of patients in a North Carolina study had community-acquired C. difficile infections (i.e. not the hospital’s fault) and more than half of patients with C. difficile recently used antibiotics.
And … one of the quality measures forced upon us by CMS and Hospital Compare requires us to use antibiotics on ALL known or suspected cases of pneumonia within 6 hours of the patient’s arrival. These “quality measures” significantly increase antibiotic use without any improvement in mortality or hospital length of stay. At the same time, they increase the likelihood of C. difficile infections.

C. difficile is present in up to 40% of the meat we eat.
C. difficile is commonly present in the stool of healthy infants and adults.
We can’t completely get rid of C. difficile spores no matter how much we wash.
And … for the sake of “quality care,” the government forces us to give many patients unnecessary antibiotics that actually increase the chances that a C. difficile infection will occur.
But if C. difficile infections occur in a hospitalized patient, the government won’t pay to treat them because the infections are “never events” and should “never” happen.

Go figure.

What’s the Diagnosis #2

Wednesday, May 6th, 2009

A 27 year old patient has had a sore throat for the past 10 days. He received antibiotics from his primary care physician without a lot of improvement. He comes in on a Saturday because he is out of antibiotics and wants a refill.
He doesn’t appear uncomfortable. He doesn’t have any problems swallowing. No fever. He does have pain on the left side of his neck along a swollen lymph node. It hurts for him to turn his head to the left. On exam, his throat is red, but there is no pus and his airway is patent. There are several swollen and tender lymph nodes in the neck. He complains of pain turning his head to the left side. He doesn’t have any signs of meningitis. Nothing else seems abnormal on his physical exam.

Think about what your differential diagnosis would be and what you’d do to work the patient up … if anything.

Now look at the x-ray below. What is the calcified foreign body in the front of his neck? Are there any other abnormalities? What other test(s) would you do and who would you call?

Scroll down for answers and other pictures.

xray-lateral

The calcified foreign body in the front of the neck is actually the hyoid bone. Coroners look to see whether this bone is intact during autopsy since a broken hyoid bone suggests that strangling took place.

The neck x-ray shows prevertebral soft tissue swelling. Remember 7 mm at C2 and 22mm at C7. Got the diagnosis now?

Answer is retropharyngeal abscess. More about the diagnosis here and here.

CT scans of the neck below.

retropharyngeal-abscess-ct-1

retropharyngeal-abscess-ct-2

HealthCare Policy Roundup 05-04-09

Monday, May 4th, 2009

GREAT article in the LA Times explaining the balance billing issue in California and how the California Supreme Court’s decision to outlaw balance billing will have on emergency medical care. Previous post I wrote about the topic is here. Two great quotes:
“ER docs are everybody’s hero — until we send a bill.”
“California has decided that the insurance man is more important to the patient than the doctor.”
Ya reap what ya sow.

This article in Yahoo News notes that the Sussex Health Center ED in Canada was closed for two nights when the ED physician in Sussex was sent to St. John Regional Hospital to cover a staff shortage. St. John is a Level 1 trauma center needing 22 emergency physicians, but only 9 positions are filled.
The New Brunswick Health Minister is trying to avoid “issues” that prevent vacant emergency physician positions at St. John Regional Hospital from being filled. Apparently money is available, but still no one wants to work there.
Still think health care is a “right”? How should the Canadian government enforce the “right” to health care for Canadian citizens when no doctors choose to provide that “right”?

An editorial in the Pennsylvania Patriot-News written by an emergency physician uses the number of defendants in Pennsylvania medical malpractice cases to debunk Pennsylvania Governor Ed Rendell’s assertions that the Pennsylvania malpractice lawsuit crisis is over. Almost 40 Pennsylvania hospitals/maternity units/medical facilities have closed in 10 years. This physician attributes “shotgun” lawsuits – where plaintiff attorneys file lawsuits against any medical provider involved with a patient’s care – as a driver behind the continued crisis.

Galveston’s UTMB Hospital campus having difficulty re-opening its emergency department, stating that doing so involves “more than meets the eye.” See previous post I wrote here. A Texas Faculty Association blog entry questions whether UTMB’s delay in re0pening the emergency department is financially motivated. A commenter stated that the hospital is now “in the black” and making “more profit than ever before.” Another commenter noted how the Urgent Care Clinic has “24/7 CT scans, ultrasound and MRI” and routinely works up “surgical emergencies like appendicitis or head/cspine trauma.” A commenter on the post calls the UTMB’s actions “morally repugnant.”
Goes back to the question – why should hospitals be required to foot the bill for unfunded care any more than grocery stores, hotels, restaurants, or attorneys should be required to foot the bill for patrons who have no money? Times are a-changin’.

Drunk driver in pickup truck crashes into Bismarck, ND emergency department. Damage estimated at $100,000. Nurse making coffee thought noise from crash was her “blowing up the microwave.”
At least they didn’t have to transport the driver very far for treatment.

Legislation that would lift Nevada’s $350,000 malpractice lawsuit damage cap in cases of “gross negligence” has passed State Assembly and is heading to State Senate.
When a couple of Nevada doctors allegedly cause hundreds of cases of Hepatitis C in patients by re-using syringes and single dose vials of medication, one can see the impetus for the legislation.
Others call the legislation the “Drive doctors out of Nevada” bill.

A look at emergency medical care in Jakarta, India and a commenter that warns not to emulate the system in the United States.

Flu and Pooh

Saturday, May 2nd, 2009

E-mailed to me from a friend …

winnie-the-pooh-swine-flu-story

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Hydroxy-Don’t

Friday, May 1st, 2009

The FDA just issued a news release urging consumers to stop using HydroxyCut products, noting that some products were “associtated with” liver injuries. Iovate, the manufacturer, has agreed to recall all HydroxyCut products.

Out of millions of doses of HydroxyCut sold, there were 23 reports of “serious health problems” “associated with” the use of the product, ranging from jaundice to elevated liver enzymes to permanent liver damage resulting in a liver transplant. There was also one death from liver failure.

I keep putting the “associated with” in quotes because we have to be very careful about how we interpret the terms we use.
Almost all people who die from asthma have probably used an inhaler shortly before their death. That means that use of asthma inhalers is “associated with” deaths from asthma. Can we say that asthma inhalers caused death in those patients? If so, we need to take asthma inhalers off the market.
Many people who die in hospital emergency departments are brought by ambulances. Ambulance use is therefore “associated with” deaths in the hospital emergency department. Do ambulances cause death? Should we stop EMS transports immediately?
Paying taxes is associated with increased … aww nevermind. You get the picture.

So is this FDA warning a bunch of hooey or has Iovate been slipping the general public a Mickey all these years?

No … Thank YOU

Friday, May 1st, 2009

Sometimes dumb little things make me look at my job and think how lucky I am that I can have such a dramatic effect on a person’s life.

Cards like this are one of those dumb little things.

Gramma, your card made every person who works in our emergency department smile and feel as if they really are making a difference.

So thanks to you, also. We’re all glad that you’re still around, too.

patient-thank-you-note

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