WhiteCoat

Archive for March, 2010

Break

Tuesday, March 30th, 2010

I’m going to take a break – probably for the rest of the week. Grandma WhiteCoat is having unexpected surgery and needs our family support. I have several ideas that I just have to expand upon, so I may toss up a short post, but don’t expect much. If you want to do a guest post – now would be a good time. Just send your post to editor@epmonthly.com.

While I’m gone, I would appreciate some feedback about a few things, though.

Is the new blog interface better or worse than the previous one? I like a minimalist approach and would like to know what you all think. Anything you would add or delete?

Also, just looking for what people like/don’t like in content on the blog. I admit things have gotten a little political lately, but only because of the events dominating the news now. Don’t think that describing whether my lawn has dandelions yet would be very interesting for anyone.

What should we have more or less of? News commentary? Patient stories? Medical studies/commentary? Case presentations? Contests? Is the Healthcare Update a good or bad thing? Rather see individual posts for the links in the Update or all grouped together in a weekly post as we have it now? Are there other things relating to emergency medicine that you think I should be including that I’m not? Product reviews? Are the star ratings a good or bad thing? Do they dissuade people from making comments?

It would help me make this blog better if you could give me an idea of what I’m doing right and what I could improve upon.

One last thing -
One of the things that keeps me motivated to write is the discussion that is generated. The topics presented are controversial and I don’t expect everyone to agree with me or to agree with anyone else who comments. I want this blog to be a forum where we can air our views.
Over the past several weeks, I have noticed that people have become upset and have made personal attacks toward others. We have to stay civil. I have no problem with others attacking someone’s ideas. Just don’t make the attacks personal. “That idea is ridiculous, here’s why …” is fine because it leads to further discussion about the views. “You’re a [insert pejorative term here]” or “That’s why I hate [insert class/ethnic background/political party/profession here]” aren’t OK because all they do is start flame wars. You are an intelligent and insightful bunch. Please keep things civil.

Happy Easter to everyone if I’m not back by then. Enjoy time with your family.

P.S. I took the picture above at a pier in San Francisco. Afterwards, I sat down and talked to the fisherman for a while. Interesting guy.

Paybacks

Monday, March 29th, 2010

1_61_monkey_rhesusHe wasn’t your ordinary patient in police custody.

A burly kid in handcuffs was brought in by police after being in a fight with his girlfriend. He had been drinking and when the police arrived, he wasn’t exactly cooperative. In fact, he irritated the officer enough that the patient got “tazed.” The patient fell to the ground and whacked his head pretty good. Then he just laid on the ground and rolled on his back.

One of the other things that happened during the incident was that the patient lost control of his bowels and bladder. As he was walking down the hall, he had feces all the way up his back and both pant legs were soaking wet. We could smell him coming. The officer was leading the patient down the hall by the arm with one hand and holding his other hand up over his face.

That’s one way to get seen sooner.

The officer brought him in to get the lump on his noggin checked and because couldn’t get the probes out of the patient’s side.

The patient was upset and minimally cooperative. The doc taking care of the patient medically cleared him fairly quickly and removed the probes.

The nurse brought a pair of paper scrubs for the patient to change into. The patient refused. The tech tried to help clean the patient up a little as well. The patient refused that, too.

“Nah. I have to ride in the police car back to the station. I’m not changing nothin’. He’s going to have to clean up his back seat after he’s done with me and he’s going to have to live with the smell the rest of the day. He wanted me to sit on a towel on the way over here. I pulled that damn thing out from under me as soon as he closed the door. And I rubbed my ass all over his back seat, too. I’m not changing my clothes in lockup, either.”

The officer gritted his teeth and shook his head while mumbling under his breath.

The poo rubber.

Maybe the patient is a shoestring relative of this thing.

We the Government?

Friday, March 26th, 2010

I like to laugh at political cartoons, but it isn’t too often that one makes me stop and think like this one did.

Michael Ramirez from Investor’s Business Daily (IBD Twitter link here) hit a home run with this depiction of the Constitution of the United States (I would have linked to the cartoon itself, but I couldn’t find it on IBD’s site).

Think about what events prompted the formation of our country.
Think about the principles that all the people who have died creating and protecting this nation have fought for.
How would our founding fathers feel about the state of our nation right now?

We The GovernmentBy the way – did you catch the change made in Section 2 of the text in the cartoon?

Healthcare Update — 03-25-2010

Thursday, March 25th, 2010

Florida’s legislature seeks to make all emergency medical personnel “agents of the state” and therefore immune from liability. Reckless mistakes would be paid by the state and payouts capped at $200,000. Trial lawyers are vigorously fighting the proposed legislation, arranging press conferences with patients and families who have been maimed by emergency department malpractice. The bills include a cap on attorney fees for lawsuits on behalf of the state Attorney General’s Office; protections for businesses against so-called slip-and-fall claims; and the ability for parents to waive liability, but not negligence, for children participating in dangerous activities.
In other news, the Florida Justice Association is going to open up its own emergency departments, businesses with potentially slippery floors, and forums for dangerous children’s activities to show all the other Florida citizens how to behave in a non-negligent manner in the future.

Unintended effects of the health care bill … companies are already telling their employees to “expect changes for the worse to your health care benefits.” Taxing prescription drug benefits will likely cause some companies to drop prescription drug coverage for their employees. Some companies may drop retiree coverage altogether. Others may raise costs for their health plans or decrease health plan coverage. Hmmmm. Decrease benefits or increase payments. Wonder where I’ve heard that before. Including the tax burden on long term retiree health benefits may have a significant negative effect on the earnings of many large corporations which may result in less tax revenue.
But at least everyone has insurance now. That’s a good thing.

Too little too late. Health care bill imposes requirements on states, but doesn’t provide states with needed subsidies until 2014. Arizona hospitals will have difficulty overcoming budget deficits until those subsidies materialize. Results: Less money for training physicians in Arizona, less doctors staying in Arizona, less care provided to poor people (including 310,000 adults and 39,000 children who will be dropped from Arizona’s Medicaid program), increases in emergency department usage, longer emergency department waits, and higher insurance rates for those with private insurance. “Costs have to be shifted somewhere, and that will be to private insurance.”
Arizona is also considering whether to increase taxes. When considering whether voters would approve of an increased tax rate, one hospital executives is quoted as saying “ultimately voters must decide whether they value things such as health care and education … we can’t cut our way out of this.”
Hmmm … provide less services or increase taxes. Sounds familiar.

Here’s some more reform for ya’ … Wyoming governor considers pulling whole STATE out of Medicaid program due to the onerous restrictions imposed by the health care bill. What would the 15% of all Wyoming residents who are Medicaid eligible do for health care then?
Doesn’t matter. At least everyone has health care insurance under this new health care bill.

Oh – and what about pregnant illegal immigrants? They aren’t eligible for insurance under the new health care bill. Nebraska was previously treating the unborn child as an individual eligible for services under Medicaid. Medicaid called it a violation of their rules. Now the illegal immigrant women may not be able to find prenatal care, which the government admits causes three times the incidence of low birth weight (meaning longer hospital stays) and five times the incidence of death. So who delivers the babies and is still on the hook for multiple millions of dollars in liability if something goes wrong with a child who has had no prenatal care? Sure as heck isn’t Washington.
Oh well. At least everyone else has insurance under this new health care bill.

John McCain blasts Obama … “You can put lipstick on a pig, Mr. President, but this [legislation] is still a pig.” Not one of the 2,733 pages of the health reform bill has anything to do with medical malpractice reform. “The dirty little secret in this body is that trial lawyers control the agenda, certainly as far as this legislation is concerned.”

Imagine that every one of your motor vehicle violations was recorded in a national databank. You get a speeding ticket? You’re reported. You get a parking ticket, you get reported. Don’t wear your seat belt? Add another report. Minor fender bender? You’re on there. Someone who doesn’t like you calls in a complaint about you? Maybe, maybe not. Then imagine that before someone could sell you a car, before someone could sell you insurance for that car, or before you could apply for a renewal of your driver’s license, they had to look you up on the databank. Too many reports and no one wants to sell you a car. Even a couple of reports and some companies may not sell you insurance. Obviously, you’d want to do whatever you could to stay off the databank – kind of like requesting “court supervision” and paying a larger fine for a speeding ticket so that the speeding ticket doesn’t get reported to the state and so that your insurance rates don’t get jacked up.
Medical providers already have such a system. It’s called the National Practitioner Data Bank. Malpractice payments (even those paid to just make frivolous lawsuits go away), adverse licensing actions, formal reprimands, and adverse actions on clinical privileges all get reported. Hospitals, insurers, and select other agencies have access to the databank and must query the databank regularly as part of their due diligence. Now add health care staffing firms to the list of entities who have access to the databank information. Good thing or bad?

Chronically ill patients benefit from online social networks. Quadriplegic man shares tips on which places have best wheelchair access. Multiple sclerosis patient says that being able to connect with other people “literally saved my life.”
In other news, a little known provision in the current health care bill states that in 2014, Medicare and Medicaid will only pay for access to online social networking as complete treatment coverage for all chronically ill patients. Beginning in 2016, Medicare and Medicaid will require a $50 co-pay each time patients log in to social networking services to discuss their problems. The scary thing is that I’m actually wondering whether I should even make this tongue-in-cheek comment to avoid giving insurers ideas.

Who uses the emergency department the most? Might not be who you think.
Those most likely to be “frequent fliers” (4 or more visits to the ED in a year) are African Americans and women, are either 25-44 years old or older than 65, and are likely to be on public insurance. Only 2% of frequent fliers were uninsured and only 15% of frequent emergency department users were uninsured. Sixty percent of “frequent fliers” in the emergency department had either Medicare or Medicaid for insurance. Frequent fliers represented 4.5% to 8% of all emergency department patients, but accounted for 21% to 28% of total yearly emergency department visits.

Bulgarians ask “what’s a plaintiff attorney?” Only 0.3% of alleged malpractice victims in Bulgaria seek compensation in court.

Pennsylvania hospital sued for calling itself a trauma center when it couldn’t provide complete trauma care to a patient then running out of blood. The patient was in a motorcycle accident and necessitated transfer due to a pelvic fracture with vascular injuries. During a delay in transport, he received received multiple transfusions of O-negative, O-positive and AB-positive blood. The patient died before the helicopter arrived to transport him to another facility.

$49 million judgment for patient whose spinal cord tumor initially went undiagnosed for one year. Six years and three surgeries later, the tumor was completely removed, but the patient was left with only partial use of her legs. The judgment may be reduced on appeal – to only in the $10 million dollar range.
In other news, the defendants are considering contribution actions against the tumor … that ate the patient’s spinal cord.

My COAT!

Wednesday, March 24th, 2010

This story was recently forwarded to me in an e-mail. Walter Olson had it up at Overlawyered.com weeks ago, but I missed it for some reason. So I had to re-post it as yet another example of why we need a “loser pays” law in this country.

Some upstanding Texas attorney named William Ogletree left his “expensive black leather coat” in a pizza joint a Dallas Airport. When he came back, the coat was gone. This wasn’t just any coat, though. It was an extra large POLO leather coat … with a plaid lining. Billy then got mad because the City of Houston, Continental Airlines, and the pizza joint didn’t “collect the coat and keep it in a secure place for a reasonable time.” So he sent the above places a letter threatening to sue them for $800 because they failed to properly “manage lost and found items.”  All of the prospective defendants are probably still quivering in their booties.

I was going to create an ad on eBay listing an “extra large black leather Polo coat with smarmy plaid lining found in Terminal C of the Houston Airport on December 30 containing several pairs of oversized lace panties and an unknown lubricant in the inside pockets” then forward it to his office e-mail, but then I thought that he might bid on it.

I don’t want to be the next victim of his poison pen …

What’s the Diagnosis #8

Tuesday, March 23rd, 2010

A 3 year old child is carried into the emergency department because of pain in her left hip. Her mother stated that she woke up with the pain and has refused to walk all day because of the pain. The patient has been running a low grade fever and “just wasn’t acting right.”

The mother brought the child to the pediatrician earlier in the day. The pediatrician diagnosed the patient with “double ear infections” and prescribed the child that powerful pink healing elixir otherwise known as amoxicillin. When the mother asked the pediatrician why the child’s hip was hurting, the pediatrician stated that the child “probably slept on it wrong.” The mother stated that the pediatrician never even examined the child’s leg.

The child didn’t seem like she was getting better, so the mother brought her to the emergency department for another exam.

When I examined the leg, the child held her hip in flexion and cried with any movement of the hip joint. Distal sensory, motor, and circulatory exams were intact to the extent that the patient would allow an exam to be done. There was no appreciable swelling over the joints. She wouldn’t even try to walk. Oh, and her otoscopic exam was within normal limits.

I decided to do a few labs. Her WBC was 13,000 with 91% segs. The sedimentation rate was 120.

What’s the diagnosis, how is the diagnosis made, and what’s the treatment?

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UPDATE MARCH 25, 2010
Final Diagnosis: Septic arthritis of the hip.
Culture showed staph aureus, which is the responsible organism in about half of all cases.
Nice summary of septic hip in pediatric patients is at Wheeless’ Online Orthopaedics
Kocher criteria include non-weight bearing on the affected side, sedimentation rate > 40, fever, and WBC count > 12,000. When all four criteria are present, septic arthritis has a 99% likelihood. When three criteria are present, the likelihood of septic arthritis is still 93%.
Diagnosis requires joint aspiration under either ultrasound or fluoroscopy.
Treatment requires surgical drainage and antibiotics. Preliminary treatment is usually a third generation cephalosporin – pending culture results.  Keep in mind that MRSA is a growing problem (no pun intended) and that IV vancomycin may be necessary. Also keep in mind that sickle cell patients are prone to salmonella infections in bone and joints.
Unfortunately, septic arthritis may lead to many long-term hip problems such as dysplasia, deformities in hip development, and postinfectious arthritis – even with appropriate care.

As an aside, I was completely blown away by the number of thoughtful responses and differential diagnoses for this case. I intended it to be just a relatively straightforward case to jog the memories of the attendings and to teach the young grasshoppers. You guys came up with several things that even I hadn’t considered.
I’ll have to post these cases more often.
Thanks for the education!

Insurance For All

Sunday, March 21st, 2010

While many legislators praise this vote as an historic event, it is a pyrrhic victory.

I went looking for the final text of the health care bill and performed several internet searches. Came up with lots of results. Noted that the number of hits to this blog increased substantially looking for health care bill highlights. During my searches, one result that came up persistently was here.

HR3200

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I don’t think that this is the final version of the bill, but I’m not sure. One thing that I did notice was that since HR3200 was introduced in the House, there have been more than 1000 changes to the bill. More than two thirds of the bill has changed and the word count from the bill has more than doubled. Only 22% of people voting on the site stated that they supported the bill. Is there any wonder why most Americans don’t like the bill? No one can figure out what it contains. I’d venture a guess that most members of Congress don’t know what it contains. There were deals being brokered and changes being made shortly before the bill was passed, and less than an hour after it was passed, it was amended again.

I think that the final wording in the bill is here, but I’m not sure. One summary of the contents of the bill (posted at 6:30 PM on the evening of the vote) can be found here.

The more commentary I read about the contents of the bill , the more worried I become.

No insurance companies can “deny coverage” for people for pre-existing conditions – effective 2014. Why the wait? What happens when, instead of “denying coverage” for people with pre-existing conditions, the insurance companies just hike the insurance premiums for those patients? Then those with pre-existing conditions end up with no coverage because they can’t afford the premiums. It is already happening.

When 16 million people are added to Medicaid ranks when the Medicaid system is already imploding due to lack of funding throughout the country, should we consider it a victory that those people now have “insurance” but little access to health care? When patients in Massachusetts received insurance but couldn’t find physicians to take care of them, the amount of emergency department usage increased. You know – that cheap inexpensive care.

Illegal immigrants are no longer eligible for Medicaid. Denying illegal immigrants health care insurance won’t keep them from becoming sick. Where will they go for health care? You guessed it – to the emergency department. Now instead of receiving a pittance for providing care, the hospitals will likely receive nothing for providing that care. Who will end up paying for care to the uninsured?

What happens when all the projected “savings” aren’t realized in the future and the feds start cutting benefits and cutting payments to providers even more? Your payments into the system won’t go down, but what you get out of it sure will. The only way to make up for the gargantuan health care deficits is for the government to pay out less than it takes in. How does that happen? Either increase taxes or decrease benefits. The bill already cuts Medicare spending by $500 billion and increases taxes on investments. Look for even more taxes and less benefits in the future.

Remember: Health care insurance does not equal health care access. Never has. Never will.

If you want to see how your representatives voted on the measure, the New York Times has a rundown on each elected official’s vote.

Don’t know if it was intentional or not, but the banner ad above the article listing everyone’s votes was for a job search company.

Foreshadowing for November?

Congressional Vote + Job Search

Mini Ultrasound – Fad or Necessity?

Sunday, March 21st, 2010

Siemens Signos

I came across this news video about pocket ultrasounds (see screen grab from video above), alleging that they are “revolutionizing” emergency medicine.

The units are small, but, at a weight of almost 2 pounds, they appear to be too bulky for carrying around in a pocket. Definitely small enough to grow some legs if they’re left in a room somewhere, though.
According to this article, the images they produce aren’t as good as those from traditional portable ultrasounds, and with the small screens, I wonder how well they would be at picking up small abnormalities on scans.

Aside from saving the trip out of the room to wheel in the portable ultrasound machine, I’m not sure what the advantage in having them is.

Oh, and they cost $4000 each.

The video shows the Siemens Signos. Siemens is currently marketing the Acuson P10, but I found a link about the same model on Medgadget from 2007. And I haven’t heard much about pocket ultrasounds in the past 3 years.

So are “pocket” ultrasounds like those early “brick” cell phones – a step toward ubiquity for medical personnel? Or are they a fad that will pass as the notebook models penetrate the market further?

One Adam-12, One Adam-12

Friday, March 19th, 2010

annieAEDCourtesy of the police scanner in our emergency department, we’ve heard a run on concerned citizens reporting some odd things to the police lately.

There’s the report of the “reckless driver” who had the nerve to pass an elderly person’s car coming into town.
A “suspicious man” walking in an alley.
An intoxicated individual walking on someone’s lawn.
The latest was police and ambulance crews get called out to a “man down” in a car a couple of blocks away from a bar. When they got there, the doors to the car were locked. They banged on the roof of the car. The guy sat up and looked around in fright, wondering why a dozen eyes were staring at him through the windows.
“Cancel the call. The subject was just sleeping,” came the response from the officer on the scene.

That brought out the story of a code on the hospital’s front lawn.
An elderly couple was walking down the sidewalk by the hospital on a nice summer day when they saw a man in scrubs laying face down in the grass on the hospital grounds. They yelled at him a couple of times and he didn’t move, so they went back inside the hospital and a “code blue” was called to the front lawn of the hospital. Nurses and doctors poured out of the hospital with CPR equipment and a stretcher. They rushed to the patient and rolled him over to start doing chest compressions. It was one of the anesthesiologists. He promptly started flailing his arms and sat bolt upright on the grass – his iPod headphones popping out of his ears.

“Jeez. Can’t a guy just enjoy a little nap in the sun?”

Not when Johnny Gage is on the job.

P.S. If you don’t get the title of the post, click here.

Healthcare Update 03-18-2010

Thursday, March 18th, 2010

If you like these, check out the satellite edition of the Healthcare Update over at ERStories.

The only thing that changes is the names.” Canadian patients dying waiting for emergency department care. One patient’s family was told that the emergency department was short two doctors and four nurses and that “there was a 16-hour wait and that I just had to be patient” – as the patient died while sitting next to the nursing station. Nurses are forced to do overtime and then “the health system is not able to retain them.”
When you make the practice of medicine unattractive, not as many providers want to practice and this scenario will repeat itself.

It’s called job security. Survey shows that 61% of adults in the US drink “liquid stupidity,” only 31% of adults exercise regularly, and 20% smoke cigarettes. While 64% get 7-8 hours of sleep per day, 28% get 6 hours of sleep or less. The comments to the study were … interesting, including a post of the text of a now-dead Mississippi House Bill that purported to improve obesity in Mississippi by prohibiting food establishments from “serving food to any person who is obese”.

Think about this before your next one night stand. According to Bloomberg.com, one in six Americans has genital herpes. About half of all black women and 40% of black men have genital herpes. To treat the problem, GlaxoSmithKline sold $1.29 BILLION worth of Valtrex last year. Dang!

Georgia Supreme Court upholds liability protections for emergency medical services. The Georgia legislature passed tort reform in 2005, finding that health care providers in Georgia were having increasing difficulty in locating liability insurance and that when the insurance was able to be found, it was extremely costly, resulting in the potential for diminution in access to health care and an “adverse impact on the health and well-being of the citizens of this state.” Potential litigants must still prove “clear and convincing evidence that the physician or health care provider’s actions showed gross negligence.”
The dissent in the opinion (.pdf file) called the law “arbitrary” because it protected emergency health care providers, but did not afford the same protections to physicians who treat the same conditions in their offices or in the patient’s homes. The dissent forgot one thing – physicians can refuse to provide care to patients in their offices or at their homes. Emergency physicians provide care to all patients all the time. Protect the safety net.

More evidence that “insurance for all” isn’t the answer. This New York Times article describes the difficulty that Michigan Medicaid patients are having when trying to find medical care.
“With states squeezing payments to providers even as the economy fuels explosive growth in enrollment [now 47 million patients nationally], patients are finding it increasingly difficult to locate doctors and dentists who will accept their coverage.” One parent called 4 or 5 pediatricians to see her 2 year old son. None of them accepted Medicaid. She ended up having to go to a public clinic with a four month waiting list.
One obstetrician who stopped providing services “feared being sued by Medicaid patients because they might be at higher risk for problem pregnancies because of underlying health problems.” Only 2 of the 72 surgery residents who trained at one Michigan hospital decided to remain in Michigan.
Not only are states cutting reimbursements for care, but they are also cutting benefits — including dental, vision, podiatry, hearing and chiropractic services for adults.
Realize that, on a “dollars and cents” basis, lack of providers is beneficial to the bottom line. Less access means less provision of services, which means less payments for provision of services. Is this the kind of “insurance” that we’re seeking on a national level?

Kevin MD published a good Op-Ed piece in USA Today about patient satisfaction surveys – showing how the surveys have little correlation to quality of patient care. A couple of the editors at EP Monthly are working on publishing the results of the survey on patient satisfaction surveys taken on this blog a few months ago.

Same law firm obtains $9.7 million dollar judgment on behalf of patient whose cancer diagnosis was delayed and $38.7 million dollar judgment when obstetricians allegedly fail to perform a timely Caesarian section on child who was born with cerebral palsy.
Another firm obtains $22 million judgment against providers after patient ends up paralyzed from waist down when treated for leg fracture.

Is substance abuse a problem with our troops in Afghanistan? The number of narcotic prescriptions written by military physicians has quadrupled since 2001.

Answer: $400,000. Question: What was the median amount in damages awarded to successful medical malpractice plaintiffs in 2005? By the way, plaintiffs won less than 25% of the cases that went to trial. Using those numbers, if I were a radiology researcher, I’d be able to call all medical malpractice cases “inappropriate.”

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