Archive for April, 2010
Friday, April 30th, 2010

Running errands today and saw the above product display at a Sam’s Club.
#1: Is the pickle packaging too … subliminal?
#2: If you were the store manager, would you place beef jerky right next to a bunch of pickles in pouches?
There’s got to be a Saturday Night Live skit somewhere in here.
Posted in Random Thoughts | 7 Comments »
Wednesday, April 28th, 2010
As our hospital administrator emphasizes the importance of high patient satisfaction scores and “pleasing every patient every time,” I’m really becoming disenchanted with emergency medicine. He’s getting his directives from the hospital board and being pressured by statistics on some web site that only administrators look at, so it’s tough to blame him, but this medical system is really heading the wrong way fast.
Patient #1:
A 18 year old female is brought in by her mother complaining of lower abdominal pain. She’s doubled over while she’s walking. After the nurse gets the history, she hands the patient a gown and tells her that she needs to get undressed for the exam.
“I’m not getting undressed for you. You’re all stupid here.”
“We’ll if you want the doctor to try to help you, you need to get undressed and put the gown on.”
Then the patient’s mother says “Honey, why don’t we start by putting the gown on?”
The patient replies “Why don’t we start by you shutting your f***ing face?”
Then she whips open the door and leaves.
Patient #2:
A 22 year old female also complaining of lower abdominal pain. She is accompanied by her sideways-hat-wearing pants-on-the-floor boyfriend. Urinalysis was normal, so I explained to her that we needed to perform a pelvic exam to look for other causes of the pain.
Boyfriend immediately chimes in “Yo! Ain’t nobody looking at my woman’s s*** but ME!”
I looked at the patient. “Do you want me to do the exam?”
She shrugged her shoulders and said “I guess so.”
Then I told boyfriend that he needed to wait outside. He pulled his pants up, puffed out his chest, and left.
The patient was ultimately discharged with diagnosis of an ovarian cyst.
Following day, the nurse manager finds me and says that boyfriend came back to her office and wanted to know my name because he was going to sue me for raping his girlfriend.
Patient #3:
Drunk guy brought in by police after beating up his girlfriend. He was fighting with police, so he was cuffed and escorted by a couple of officers. When he got to the ED, he was still fighting and threatening the staff, so he was put in 4 point restraints. Then he started in on one of the officers.
“You won’t be able to keep me in these things forever, you know. I’ll get out. When I get out, I’m going to find you, throw you up against your police car and [sodomize you].” The term that he used was too vulgar to post.
He could see that he was getting on the officer’s nerves, so he kept it up.
“Yeah, maybe I’ll even let your chief watch. I’ll enjoy every minute of it hearing you scream like a b***h, too.”
All the while the officer just stood there until he was secured in restraints. I don’t know that I could have stood there with this guy talking like that to me and not done anything.
There were other similar encounters. They all took place within two days. All of these patients will receive patient satisfaction surveys. I doubt any of them will be “pleased” as our administration desires.
Treat a judge like this and you get thrown in jail for contempt of court.
Treat an employee this way and you get sued for harassment or sexual discrimination.
Treat an average person on the street like this and you get a fist in your mouth.
When people can come to your place of employment and treat you like a piece of toilet paper – yet your continued employment depends on pleasing “each one of them every time,” it’s time to think about whether to continue practicing medicine.
Posted in Patient Encounters | 63 Comments »
Tuesday, April 27th, 2010
Part of a resident’s job is to learn the ropes in preparing for independent practice. While you’re a resident, you get the benefit of having someone looking over your shoulder to critique you as you determine how you are going to manage patients.
I frequently tell residents that different attending physicians practice medicine in different ways. Some practice defensive medicine more than others, some prescribe antibiotics more than others and some work harder than others. The resident’s job is to figure out whose practice they are going to emulate when they begin practicing on their own.
That being said, I usually practice conservatively. I don’t tend to shotgun a lot of cases. When residents present cases to me, I make them give me a differential diagnosis and justify why they order the tests that they order. If they can’t justify why they’re doing the tests, then I won’t approve the tests.
A resident rotating on the first day in our emergency department presented a case to me and his comments made me think.
A woman in her 40′s came in complaining of tender lymph nodes to her neck for the previous 36 hours. That was it. She had pain in her neck when she turned her head to one side and thought she had cancer.
The resident ordered a CBC, comprehensive metabolic panel, cardiac enzymes, coags, chest x-ray, urinalysis, influenza swab, and strep test. He wanted to know whether I wanted to do a soft tissue x-ray of the neck or a CT scan of the neck.
“So what do you think is causing the swollen glands?”
“Maybe strep, maybe cancer.”
“Why the cardiac enzymes and coags?”
“If it is cancer and she needs surgery, the surgeons require a baseline.”
“Any other symptoms besides the swollen glands?”
“Nope.”
“Why the urinalysis?”
“I figured they could do that while they’re getting the pregnancy test.”
“Why the pregnancy test?”
“She’s going to need x-rays, right?”
“We can’t do an abdominal shield?”
“Sure.”
“Is a $200 flu swab going to be worthwhile?”
“It could cause the swollen glands.”
“In a patient with no fever, no cough, no pharyngitis, and the incidence of influenza sporadic according to the CDC?”
“Didn’t think of that.” He was obviously getting annoyed. “Fine. What do you want me to order?”
“Anything else on the physical exam?”
“Not really. No nodes anywhere else. No signs of infection.”
“Let’s go look.”
I’m typing this case up on the fly and was going to finish describing the interaction, but then I thought that maybe you all would like to take a crack at guessing what was causing the bilateral tender lymphadenopathy in the patient’s neck.
I’ll give you a couple of hints, since the diagnosis was rather obvious on examination and therefore I can’t tell you what the exam showed. First, the resident didn’t perform a good physical examination and didn’t take a good history. Both of those would have led to the correct diagnosis.
Remember, the nodes were bilateral and the diagnosis was obvious.
What do you think?
I’ll post the answer in the comments in a couple of days.
UPDATE APRIL 29, 2010
The answer is posted in the comments section.
The point of the post was not to belittle the resident, but was more to make a statement about how another resident felt that residency training was lacking.
Another resident in our program lamented that most of their didactic teaching doesn’t involve close physical examination or a thorough history any more. She felt that the overwhelming teaching points during the residency program were to perform procedures and to work up patient complaints to avoid being sued: Take the patient’s chief complaint, order tests that can rule out all the things that doctors commonly get sued over, and have them follow up with their family physician. You make the diagnosis – great. If not – that’s why they have family practitioners. Patients with high risk complaints and any risk factors for bad outcomes get admitted.
I actually got pegged as someone the residents like working with because I make them think about what they’re doing – although the resident above avoided me the rest of the day.
If defensive medical practice is as entrenched in our residency programs as this resident seems to believe, our system will get worse, not better with health reform. More “insured” patients will be dumped into the system, health care access will become more disjointed, and patient will end up bouncing from emergency department to emergency department getting shotgun testing that will rule out remote life threats and protect the physicians from lawsuits but that will never really get to the bottom of the patient’s problems.
This patient probably would have had a high WBC count if labs were ordered. Maybe she would have been discharged on antibiotics and improved without making the diagnosis. The cost to the system for the proposed workup, though, would have been immense. Is this the way we want to spend our health care dollars?
Until we address the fear of malpractice that drives defensive medicine (and I’ll even cede that some of that fear is irrational), we’ll never reduce our healthcare spending.
Posted in Defensive Medicine, Random Thoughts, What's the Diagnosis? | 45 Comments »
Monday, April 26th, 2010
No health insurance? No tax refund. IRS may withhold your tax refund if you don’t purchase health insurance under the new health reform plan.
Reading an article and then saw an interesting statistic (couldn’t verify it anywhere else doing an internet search, though): 80% of all medical malpractice claims paid worldwide are made in the United States.
If the numbers are true, there are 6.5 billion people in the world and 300 million people in the US. Our country has 5% of the total world population but 80% of all malpractice payouts. Wow. Our physicians must really suck.
Another statistic in the article: 60 percent of the psychiatrists in the United States confessed that they had sexual contact with their patients.
Hospital, nurse midwife, and physician who was visiting family in Korea during alleged incident of malpractice settle cerebral palsy birth injury case for $9.5 million. Case had been steadily progressing through the court system for 14 years prior to settlement.
An expensive 10 seconds. Detroit teens create a new game called “10 seconds” where two kids agree to a fight in which they attempt to inflict the maximum amount of pain possible on each other for 10 seconds. A third brainiac then videos the event. Maybe the fight lasts 10 seconds, but the ED visit will last longer than that. And the cost … that’s another story.
A free market was never meant to be a free license to take whatever you can get, however you can get it. That is what happened too often in the years leading up to the crisis.
-President Barack Obama
I was going to make an analogy to the health care system but decided to just leave it alone.
A bad week for music celebrities and emergency departments. Rihanna ends up in Switzerland ED for rib pain (no, she’s not dating Chris Brown again) after injuring a rib during a show. Poison front man Bret Michaels had an emergency appendectomy last week, then suffered a subarachnoid hemorrhage this week. Currently he is in ICU. Subarachnoid hemorrhages are bad news. Prayers to him and his family.
Former nurse arrested after posing as “sympathetic” emergency nurse in chat room and coaxing people to commit suicide. Advice included information on how to tie a slip knot and how best to drown onself. Several people took him up on his advice.
Remember the physician accused of stealing a Rolex watch from the man being coded in the emergency department? A jury found him not guilty in a criminal trial.
Man charged with public drunkenness and thrown in the Greybar Motel after spitting and urinating on floor of emergency department. If patients were arrested every time they were drunk in the emergency department, we’d need to build bigger jails.
One reason to own a goldfish … or a parakeet. 87,000 people end up in the emergency department every year after tripping over their pets.
Oh, and goldfish don’t chew up your shoes, either.
Posted in Healthcare Update | 19 Comments »
Saturday, April 24th, 2010
I overheard something at work regarding a patient and after mentioning it to several people, apparently I’m the only one that thinks that the statement is ironic.
One patient to another patient’s family member in a separate room (yes, it was a social event in the ED again):
“I don’t trust him anymore. Besides, he’s on the ‘bad check writing’ list at Nancy’s Ice Cream Parlor.”
If you’re bouncing $3 checks for an ice cream cone, should you really be in an ice cream parlor to begin with? And if someone doesn’t have the cash to pay for a $3 ice cream cone, should you really be selling them ice cream?
Posted in Random Thoughts | 13 Comments »
Thursday, April 22nd, 2010
A grandfather brings in his 14 year old grandson because the boy hurt his wrist … for the second time in two days. The first time he was brought to the emergency department, x-rayed, and was diagnosed with a Salter Harris Type I fracture. He was put in a splint and sent home.
This time, he was wearing the splint, fell while walking, and had more pain in his wrist. There wasn’t really any point tenderness or deformity on his exam, so I explained that we weren’t going to change the management and we didn’t need to repeat an x-ray because even if there was a small fracture, he was already in a splint.
The grandfather argued with me for several minutes because he felt the patient needed an x-ray to make sure there was no fracture. I finally got fed up trying to reason with him realized that my diagnostic skills leave something to be desired and just ordered an x-ray.
The patient and grandfather had to wait another hour to get through the line waiting for x-rays.
After the x-ray came back as normal … like I was saying, he’s already in a splint, so we aren’t going to change the management. Continue taking the ibuprofen and see the orthopedist for follow up.
“He wants a cast on his arm,” remarked Grandpa.
“I beg your pardon …”
“You need to put a cast on his arm. He wants a cast.”
“No. Sorry. We don’t put casts on in the emergency department. He has a splint to protect his wrist from injury. You need to see the orthopedist for follow up and he’ll decide whether he wants to put on a cast. That’s not something we do here.”
Then the patient chimes in.
“I want a cast NOW!”
“We don’t put casts on in the emergency department. Your arm will be protected until you see the orthopedist. The nurse has your discharge papers.”
“I’m not leaving without a cast!”
“Why do you want a cast?”
“I just DO. I want a cast NOW!”
“I’m not going to argue with you. We don’t put casts on in the emergency department and you aren’t going to get a cast put on today. It’s time for you go home now. Have a nice day.”
I left and went to see another patient, hoping that the patient would be gone by the time I was done.
Ten minutes later, I walked out of the other patient’s room to see that this kid had backed himself into a corner by the exit door, was holding onto a wheelchair, and was loudly stating “I … want … a CAAAAST!”
We called security.
Several security guards then lifted the patient onto the wheelchair and wheeled the patient out to the front of the hospital. The grandfather went to pull the car up to the door.
Then the patient jumped out of the wheelchair and started running down the street.
Grandpa pulled up in the car, rolled down his window and said “I’m not dealing with him when he’s like this. He gets out of control. You’re going to have to call the police and transfer him to a psychiatric hospital.”
The police had already been called and apprehended the patient a block away. He punched one of the officers, was put in handcuffs, and tried to bite another officer. Guess where he ended up.
Back in the emergency department – psych room.
There, the patient threatened to kill himself and everyone else in the room. He was dropping F-bombs left and right and was trying to hit and bite the staff. It didn’t take long for the patient to be put in four point restraints, and then to receive 5mg Haldol and 2mg Ativan. Funny that he didn’t complain of his wrist hurting any more.
Six hours later, we still weren’t able to find a psychiatric hospital willing to accept a violent child. Either they only took adults or they didn’t accept violent patients. The grandfather wanted to leave, but was told that he needed to stay with the patient since he was a minor.
During one of the times I went in and re-examined the patient, the grandfather looked at me and sneered “None of this would have happened if you just put on the cast like he wanted.”
I just smiled. After all, Grandpa would soon be receiving a survey to rate my clinical competence in the care of his grandchild and I do want to receive all “excellent” scores, you know.
Saddest part of the whole encounter was that one of the phlebotomists used to babysit the patient when he was younger. She said that the patient was normal until he started being put on psychiatric medications for attention deficit disorder. Now he was on four psychiatric medications and had been in and out of psychiatric hospitals for emotional outbursts such as this one.
But at least he was able to focus his attention.
Posted in Patient Encounters | 32 Comments »
Monday, April 19th, 2010
If you’ve ever tried to insert an intravenous line before, you know how difficult of a task it can be with a child. Adults usually have thinner skin and most of the time have (not always) less fat on their arms. Infants and toddlers have lots of pudge on their arms and seeing a good vein is usually difficult and often impossible. The nurses who are really good at starting IV lines – the ones that everyone in the hospital calls in a pinch – have their little tricks for getting IVs in place.
Often the veterans know that you can’t always go by sight. Sometimes veins are deep enough below the skin that you can’t see them, but you can feel them. When the hospital staff ties the tourniquet around your arm and starts prodding you with their fingertips, they’re seeing if they can feel any of the veins. Almost like the way a safecracker feels for the tumblers in the safe to drop when turning the dial.
When the veins are especially difficult, one trick that many providers use is to remove the fingertip of of the index finger of one of the rubber gloves, put a little betadine (disinfectant) on the exposed finger tip, and use that finger to palpate for a vein.
A mother who worked as a phlebotomist at another hospital (and who was badmouthing that hospital to our staff) brought her young child in for evaluation of a high fever. The doctor working that night ordered some blood tests and some IV fluid. One of our best nurses pulled the finger off the tip of the glove, put a little Betadine on her fingertip, and began palpating the pudgy kid’s arm. Immediately, the mother whipped out her cell phone and started texting someone.
No one thought much about it until the child’s grandmother called the emergency department and said she received a text message that the nurse was performing an “illegal procedure” by pulling the fingertip off of the glove.
Fifteen yards, repeat first down.
The nurse was trying to avoid poking your kid a couple dozen times before having to insert an intraosseous line. Next time, we’ll keep the fingers on the gloves. No problem.
Sometimes we just can’t win.
Posted in Patient Encounters | 22 Comments »
Friday, April 16th, 2010
Some docs in our group have stamps for a certain number of Motrin or Vicodin pills that they stamp onto a prescription pad to save time and avoid fraud.
One of the docs in our department went one step further and is becoming amused with himself by handing out these pre-printed prescriptions to chronic pain patients who run out of Vicodin after their doctors’ offices have closed. He draws circles around the dosage and frequency and includes them with the patient’s discharge papers.
Not the best way to get good patient satisfaction scores, but if anyone wants copies, I’m sure McNeil Pharmaceuticals will be happy to send them to you.

Posted in Random Thoughts | 13 Comments »
Thursday, April 15th, 2010
When emergency departments close their doors, the patients don’t stop getting sick – they just go to other hospitals. Now that St. Vincent’s Hospital in New York is no longer taking ambulance runs, nearby hospitals are getting a surge in volumes. Bellevue Hospital is now the only level one trauma center in lower Manhattan and is temporarily asking its staff to work longer hours to handle the extra patients.
The remaining city hospitals are now asking for emergency funds to help them treat the patient surges from St. Vincents. What will happen if they don’t get funding and they close?
Hospitals nearby St. Vincents were rumored to have needed to go on “bypass” for ambulance runs due to the volumes, an allegation that is denied by the hospitals. Transport times for ambulances increase from less than five minutes to St. Vincents to nearly 20 minutes to the next closest hospitals. Paramedics believe that it is only a matter of time before there is a bad outcome due to the lack of access to care.
Austrailian emergency department waits top 8 hours for one third of all ED patients, with more than 2500 patients waiting more than 24 hours for care in the last calendar year.
Patient volumes are increasing significantly – by 43% in some cases – and funding is repeatedly lacking. Hospitals are running at 95% capacity instead of the 85% capacity goal. Now Prime Minister Kevin Rudd is pledging $500 million in extra funding … if hospitals sign onto his $50 billion health care overhaul.
Is it me or does this whole scenario sound vaguely familiar?
This iPhone app tells you when you need to go to the emergency department. Dropping your new Percocet prescription in the toilet isn’t on the list.
But … according to this article on KevinMD, if the app gives the wrong advice, the developer could be out a boatload of money. Apple requires that all developers hold Apple harmless from any lawsuits brought against Apple related to the developer’s app. That could mean some heavy duty monetary outlays for app developers. I’m betting that Apple’s lawyers aren’t cheap.
Florida emergency “rooms” – enter at your own risk. So goes the warning from the Florida trial lawyers. If Florida passes a bill extending sovereign immunity to emergency department personnel, the “financial incentives for health care providers to ensure patient safety and high quality care” would be undermined. Rrrrrright.
They’re just upset because they won’t be able to force clients to contract around this tort reform measure like they did with Florida’s cap on attorney contingency fees.
Saudi Arabia bans 16,000 out of 36,000 doctors and other health professionals from practicing medicine and considers whether or not to make medical malpractice a criminal act. The article also notes that nearly half a million Saudis have no access to health care because there are not enough hospitals. Criminalize medicine and see how many people have no access to health care because there are not enough doctors.
After catching another article linked to the article above, I’m betting that the Saudis don’t have much of a problem with illegal drug sales. Saudi officials are seeking the death penalty against a pregnant woman who sold Valium to an undercover officer in a sting operation. The prosecutor told a panel of judges that “This is a crime that poisons our country. It poisons our youth. This criminal wanted to destroy our future. We are asking for the most severe punishment, the death penalty, for this vile crime.”
$10 million verdict against ambulance service when pregnant mother it transported gives birth to child with cerebral palsy.
Man uses circular saw to trim branches from tree. Also uses running wood chipper as sawhorse. Cuts fingers off with circular saw then severed fingers fall in wood chipper. Ooops.
Woman falls in shower after tripping over basketball.
Cases like these are what make emergency medicine so interesting … sometimes.
One quarter of cardiologists order tests due to fear of lawsuits and those tests contribute to significant increases in health care spending. “We need a way for docs to be less afraid of not ordering a test,” said the study’s lead author.
In other news, psssst … defensive medicine doesn’t exist. Pass it on.
Sounds like a script for the next Indiana Jones movie. Benjamin Metanyahu decides to build a new hospital in Gaza on a site where multiple ancient pagan graves were found. Just think, if John Edwards ever travels there, he would be able to channel patients’ medical histories from dead relatives.
California’s newest attempt to fix the budget deficit. Decrease payments to hospitals so they are struggling to provide services, then fine them hundreds of thousands of dollars for safety violations such as failing to follow up with families about abnormal blood testing. Since when did that become a hospital duty?
Shrinking payments to providers. State law ban on balance billing. Hospitals closing. Remind me why anyone would want to practice medicine in California. Oh, yeah, that’s right. I forgot. They have tort reform for the past 30 years.
Posted in Healthcare Update | 18 Comments »
Wednesday, April 14th, 2010
A patient presents with an itchy rash to the elbow that started a week prior to presentation. After initially becoming red, the rash developed small blisters then the blisters ruptured, leaving small sores. There is no warmth or fluctuance to the area. The patient saw his primary care physician 5 days ago and was prescribed topical steroids which had no effect on the rash. He also notes that he has been having diarrhea and stomach cramping lately. WBC count and sed rate are normal.
What is the diagnosis, how is it treated, and what other disease is it associated with?
I’ll post the answer below the picture on Friday.

Answer: Dermatitis Herpetiformis
Kudos to anon for the perfect answer.
Dermatitis herpetiformis is associated with celiac disease. In fact, some clinicians assert that a diagnosis of dermatitis herpetiformis can be used as a “backdoor diagnosis” to celiac disease.
DH occurs most commonly in the extensor surfaces of the joints, on the buttocks, and on the back of the neck, but can occur anywhere on the body. It is often misdiagnosed, being confused with drug eruptions, contact dermatitis, dishydrotic eczema, and even scabies.
DH is diagnosed by skin biopsy, but multiple biopsies must be taken from diseased and healthy skin as at least one biopsy must show IgA deposits in the dermal layers under immunofluorescence in order to confirm the diagnosis.
Long-term treatment is a gluten-free diet, but dapsone (a drug used to treat leprosy – more in-depth information here) may be used to treat the rash in resistant cases or in flares.
Read more about dermatitis herpetiformis at the Celiac Sprue Association, eMedicine.com and Medline Plus.
Posted in What's the Diagnosis? | 10 Comments »
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